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Rethinking about the problem of “Zhou Rong” in the book”. Author: Yang Chaoming (Confucius Research Institute); Chu Yan (Qufu Master Fan Daxue Institute of History and Civilization)
Source: “Yanshan Daxue” (Philosophy and Social Science Edition) 2019 Issue 2
Time: Confucius was in the 2570 year of Ji Hai, March 12th, Guiwei
href=”https://twsharestory.com/”>Long-term maintenanceMonth 16
Abstract:There are many ways to describe the book “Zhou Rong” that was created in Xihan from the work of Duke Zhou to the work of “Zhou Rong” and lasted for more than a thousand years. Comprehensively sorting out and analyzing the research and research of later generations, and combining relevant information in “Mandarin” and “Confucius’s Family”, the ability of “Zhou Gong’s “Zhou Gong”” is extremely large, especially Confucius said that it is an ancient system, especially not to be careless. The value of “Zhou Rong” is now in terms of literature, system and other aspects, and moreover, it has the meaning of thinking. “Zhou Rong” is indeed the main bridge for studying the Western Zhou civilization.
Keywords: “Zhou Rong”; Year and Month of Cheng Book; Zhou Gong;
As the discussion on traditional civilization gradually deepens, when people understand the depth and height of our late thinking, they naturally focus on the modern gift civilization. The issue of “Zhou Rong”‘s “Year and Month of Cheng Book” has been raised again and again. If you carefully sort out the summary, you will find a clear trend, that is, more and more students realize that the book “Zhou Lu” became earlier and the relationship with Zhou Gong is very close; in connection with it, late underground data unearthed continuously is also providing more and more evidence for “Zhou Lu”. Therefore, based on the foundation of the predecessor, it is very interesting to think about the problem of “Zhou Rong” in the book.
1. “Zhou Rong” became a conflict of problems in the book era
“Zhou Rong” is also called “Zhou Guan”. According to traditional statements, it records “Zhou Guan”, that is, the rules and regulations of the Zhou Dynasty. This is of course the big lantern of the Zhou Dynasty’s Rong system. “Zhou Rong” has rich content, Bao Luohong said that there was no problem with the traditional “Zhou Gong wrote “Zhou Rong””, then discussing the education of the Zhou Dynasty and the modern civilization of China, “Zhou Rong” is an indispensable and lacking major historical material. Therefore, we cannot think about the many problems related to it. For example, is the official system and gift education written in this book a conclusion on the past or a kind of clerical system? If it is a conclusion, then when is it true and who is the conclusion? If it is a cryptographic structure, who proposed it, can it be realized for what situation? And all these questions are directly and closely related to the book’s year and month issues.
The name “Zhou Rong” (or “Zhou Guan”) appeared in the Han Dynasty. “Historical Records·Feng Zhi” says: “There is no wonder that his lords are honored, but many scholars collected the “Shang Shu” and “Zhou Guan” to look at the sacrifice of the ox.” [1] “Han Shu·Feng Zhi” has six chapters “Zhou Guan Zhi” and four chapters “Zhou Guan Zhi”. “Classic Literature·Record” by Ru Deming says: “When Wang Mang, Liu Xin was a national teacher and laid “Zhou Guan Ji” as “Zhou Rong”. [2] From this we can see that the book Han was previously called “Zhou Guan Ji”, and Liu Xin was renamed “Zhou Rong”. Sun Di explained “Zhou Rong Zhengyi”: “Shang Shu” also has an article “Zhou Guan Ji”, which talks about the official duties of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Because the two are easy to be confused, this is the case. It was not until Zheng Xuan of Donghan, who also wrote the “Three Gifts Catalog” and wrote the “Three Gifts Catalog”, that “Zhou Rong” became a name. Although “Zhou Rong” is a pre-Qin classic, it only appeared in the Western Han Dynasty Jingwu, and it was late. As for the discovery of this book, there are many [modern emotions] “The Last Marriage” author: Su Qi [Completed + Extra], or it is said that it is the ancient book that King of the Rivers, or it is said that King of the Rivers was given to Li, or it is said that it is out of the mountain walls of the house, etc. Since I didn’t see this book in the pre-Qin period, my discovery was also confusing. Therefore, as an ancient text, “Zhou Rong” has been difficult for modern literary scholars since my inquiry. For example, Ma Rong’s “Preface to the Weekly Wing” states that at that time, “there were all scholars and scholars who came out together and thought it was not true”[3]. Then, for more than two thousand years, the students expressed their opinions on the author or book-making issues of “Zhou Rong” and had no choice. In the big picture, there are many other sayings such as Zhou Gong, age, war period, Qin and Han, early Western Han, Liu Xinfa, etc. The time span has lasted for thousands of years and has become a case in the history of Chinese academics.
In fact, the reality of this problem is nothing more than whether “Zhou Gong wrote “Zhou Lu”” can be reliable. From Zhou to Qing Dynasty, scholars basically adhered to the traditional saying, that is, “The officials and governments of Zhou were not in order, so Zhou Gong wrote “Zhou Guan””[4]. During the Han Dynasty, many modern writers were suspicious, but they only doubted their “true” rather than their “late”. Later, the trend of doubts about ancient thoughts rose up, but it was still a “true conflict” rather than a “big early conflict”. For example, Hu Anguo and Hu Hong, father and son of the Southern Song Dynasty, were just written by Liu Xin. Until the Qing Dynasty, Su Xiaomeng wrote “Zhou Rong Zhengyi” and the collection of “Zhou Rong” was completed, it was still firmly believed that it was Zhou Gong’s work. Other statements about the problem of “Zhou Rong” as a book are basically the events after the emergence of the ancient thought trend in modern times.
In short, although this question is said to be a cliché, it can be transformed into whether Zhou Gong can write “Zhou Bao”. Maybe it is the focus of the debate on whether the Zhou Rong can come from the Zhou Gong.
2. “Zhou Rong” should be formed in one person at a time
In the period of doubting the ancient thought trend, students are actually doing it.The powerful diagram explains that “Zhou Rong” does not come from Zhou Gong. The conclusion is to prove one’s own conclusion by the following method:
First, use other ancient books to compare them with “Zhou Rong”. For example, through comparison, we can see that “Xia Guan·Host” is similar to “Yi Zhou Shu·Host”, and the “Inner” and “Yan Yi” of “Travels” are also similar to “Zhou Lu”. However, it is not difficult to understand that if it is only used as a reference, it can often only explain the differences between each other, and it is difficult to explain the key question of which is true and which is earlier and which is later. Especially importantly, modern Chinese classics have become books that are complicated, so many problems that are exposed to are needed to observe them dynamically.
Second, discussed in the transcript of “Zhou Rong”. Comparing “Zhou Rong” with pre-Qin literature is either based on history or later. If the officials have redundant and complicated problems, the European and Yang Xiushang official said that “they have seen more than 50,000 people” and asked questions: “Why are they given to them without farming?”[5]; Also, for example, the dietary problem, “Zhou Rong” records King of the King’s diet, “Tianguan·ShenfuPurchase and Pipeline” says: “There are twenty products, eight items for treasure, and twenty items for sauce. One day, the king holds a twelve items for cauldron, all with stolen goods, and all with stolen goods.” Teacher Chief of the Hou Family said: “This cannot be received by the stomach in one day” [6]. For example, the title of the fifth class, the statement of the southern suburbs and the statement of the marquis’ goods, etc., have all been questioned by scholars. But historical problems are already complicated and obsessed, and simply advising them like this is not actually impossible to answer the confusion. For example, the “Emperor’s Six” in the Zhou Dynasty could not be as good as “the six horses of the six horses” because it was not “the meaning of the six hors
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